Ferdinand MULNIER is a miniature painter and then French photographer, member of the French photography society from 1878 to 1885. Jean-Baptiste Ferdinand MULNIER was born on February 17, 1817 in Nantes (Loire-Atlantique). His father Etienne Ferdinand MULNIER (1784-1854), after having lived on the island of Santo Domingo, moved to Nantes where he was a painter, renowned for his miniature portraits. MULNIER father continued his career in Paris and, at the end of his life, practiced photography. His two sons were also trained in miniature painting before becoming a photographer: the eldest Nelson (1815-?) Was active in Marseille during the first half of the 1860s; Ferdinand, had a long career in Paris. When he married on February 4, 1857, he was a painter and photographer living at 25, boulevard des Italiens. In November 1859, he filed a patent for "a vertical multiplier frame called" Mulniercarte ". Two years later, in" Le Figaro "dated May 12, 1861, Ferdinand Mulnier, painter and photographer 25, boulevard des Italiens recalls that he is the inventor of a patented process which allows him to produce "in a dozen cards of irreproachable execution and excessive finesse, three different poses and at the same time stereoscopic at the minimal price of 15 francs. This house, so known for its beautiful portraits and its elite clientele, deserved a very special mention. "A very prominent photographer in the capital, Mulnier had indeed built up a good clientele. Certain portraits of Mulnier reproduced in photoglypty adorned the cover of the review "Paris-Théâtre". Ferdinand MULNIER a exercé dans son atelier de la rue des Italiens jusqu'en mai 1879, date à laquelle il a cédé son fonds à la société Roma et Cie, des Italiens représentés par son directeur Romolo Roma. Rentier, MULNIER a passé les douze dernières années de sa vie à Paris au 36, rue de Moscou où il est décédé le 17 juillet 1891.